ABSTRACT
The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus infection remains the topical health issue and constitutes serious threat to the entire world. Nowadays, active immunization against new type of coronavirus infection continues in Russian Federation and in all other countries. Vaccination is the crucial component in comprehensive program for COVID-19 prevention and control. Mass immunization of population can prevent both admissions and hospitalization in conditions of high incidence of COVID-19 and thereby reduce the burden on the health system. Despite the remaining complications in combating the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, preventive vaccination is by far the most effective method for protection against this infection Clinical studies on the efficacy of various preventive vaccinations in different regions of the world are extremely relevant especially under conditions of the emergency use authorization for vaccines against new coronavirus infection, the changing epidemiological situation, and the wide variability of different types of vaccines. All countries will need continuously updated data on vaccine efficacy to address new challenges such as weakening post-vaccine protection, new SARS-CoV-2 strains, and need for other preventive measures to mitigate the pandemic.